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WAR REPORT
In Syria's 'Berry Place,' residents dodge bullets
by Staff Writers
Damascus (AFP) June 08, 2014


Former UN envoy warns Syria becoming 'another Somalia'
Berlin (AFP) June 08, 2014 - Former UN envoy for Syria Lakhdar Brahimi has warned that the war-torn country was heading toward becoming "another Somalia" ruled by warlords, in an interview published in a German weekly this weekend.

He also said that the entire region may "blow up" if a political solution is not found.

Brahimi, the former special representative on Syria for the United Nations and the Arab League, resigned in frustration last month after making little progress towards ending the brutal civil war, now in its fourth year.

When asked what he predicted would ultimately become of Syria, the veteran Algerian diplomat told der Spiegel: "It will become another Somalia. It will not be divided, as many have predicted. It's going to be a failed state, with warlords all over the place."

Brahimi also painted a grim picture for the countries neighbouring Syria.

"Unless there is a real, sustained effort to work out a political solution, there is a serious risk that the entire region will blow up. The conflict is not going to stay inside Syria," he said.

Brahimi, who previously served as a UN special representative for Iraq, Afghanistan and South Africa, oversaw two rounds of peace talks between President Bashar al-Assad's regime and the fractured political opposition-in-exile. But during two years in the post, he was unable to stop the bloodshed in a conflict that has killed more than 162,000 people and created millions of refugees.

He also warned of the danger posed by the rise of extremist Islamist groups in Syria, and the threat they posed to the West.

He said the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL) -- a rebel group known for its ruthless tactics and suicide bombers -- "is active in both Syria and Iraq already, and Jordan is really struggling to continue resisting. Even Turkey. According to a senior Iraqi official, ISIS has carried out 100 operations in Syria and 1,000 operations in Iraq in just three months."

He added that there were 500 or 600 French nationals, and roughly the same number of Britons, fighting in Syria, together with several thousand non-Syrians.

"These are your nationals that are training in Syria and that are part of [ISIL], which believes that you have got to build an Islamic state all over the world. That's a threat to you, isn't it?"

- Chemical weapons removal -

Brahimi's grim assessment of the country's future came as it was announced that one of two ships upon which Syria's chemical weapons have been stored after being handed over by the government had left for the United States and Finland, where its cargo will be destroyed.

The Norwegian vessel Taiko departed on Sunday, the Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) said in a statement.

A second ship, the Danish Ark Future, is to stay in Syria in order to receive the remaining chemical weapons held by the government.

"We remain focused on removing the last consignment of chemicals from Syrian territory and urge the Syrian authorities to complete the removal as soon as possible," the OPCW Director-General, Ambassador Ahmet Uzumcu, said in the statement.

Around 7.2 percent of Syria's declared chemical weapons arsenal remains in the country, Sigrid Kaag, the UN official overseeing the removal of those weapons, said on Thursday.

Under a US-Russian deal negotiated last year, Syria signed up to the Chemical Weapons Convention and agreed to the destruction of its entire chemical weapons arsenal by June 30 of this year.

The agreement was reached after deadly chemical attacks outside Damascus last August that reportedly killed hundreds of people. The West blamed Assad's regime but the government said rebels were behind it.

The Damascus neighbourhood is known as "Berry Place," but its bucolic name hides its difficult reality -- it is the front line between rebels and soldiers loyal to President Bashar al-Assad.

The area is an island in the eastern district of Jobar, where rebels hold the east and the army controls the west.

On the two streets on the edge of the regime-held portion, lined with modest one-storey homes, children play, shouting and laughing, their voices occasionally drowned out by the rumble of artillery or the crack of a sniper's rifle.

"They (the rebels) threatened us to try to make us flee but we have stayed despite the bombings," said Um Imad al-Masri, a woman in her forties in a black robe and turquoise headscarf.

"Despite the deaths of our neighbours, Karim, Marc, Abu Mohamed, killed in their homes by mortars, we haven't left. Anyway, where would we go?"

The government considers Berry Place a strategic area because it provides access to the capital's central Abbasid Square. If the rebels took the square, they could take the heart of Damascus.

So residents of Berry Place have found themselves trapped, trying to go about their lives in the crossfire.

"When the bombing starts, we tell the children to come inside, and when it calms down, they return to the street," al-Masri said.

"We can't keep them locked up," she adds, insisting she will stay "so long as the army is here."

For Wafic Kamshi and some of his Christian neighbours, the situation is even worse.

"I live between the army and the Free Syrian Army," he said.

He lives just east of Berry Place, in a no-man's-land in Jobar that nearly no one enters.

He works as a taxi driver near Abbasid Square, but rides his bicycle to work each day for fear a car could attract the snipers' attention. Sharpshooters riddled a vehicle with bullets near Kamshi's home, where it still lies abandoned.

Seven months ago, Kamshi was injured by a sniper while he was sitting in front of his home.

"I don't know where the bullet was fired from, but it hit me in the back and it came out from my stomach," he said.

After he was discharged from hospital, however, Kamshi returned to the home where he was wounded.

"In three years, I've gotten used to the war and the bombing doesn't even stop me sleeping now."

- A refuge for some -

But the same can't be said for the children living in the front-line homes in Berry Place, where a tank is stationed at the entrance to the two streets.

"When the bombing starts every day, they are really afraid. And then when it calms down they give the impression that they've forgotten everything and they start to smile again," said Fariza Lahham, an elegant 25-year-old dental assistant.

Jobar was built in the 1960s and was a bustling commercial district before the conflict.

Now, most of its shops are shuttered, its buildings deserted and the pavement pockmarked by shrapnel.

The fight between the regime and rebels even goes on below ground, with both sides using tunnels to attack the other.

"We used to do our shopping in Jobar al-Balad," said Berry Place resident Bassam Zarqi, referring to a district in eastern Jobar, now under rebel control.

"We've had to change that and go to Abbasid Square instead," adds the 70-year-old, sitting in front of his house with his granddaughter in his arms.

Despite the danger, for some the neighbourhood has become a refuge.

Um Mohamed fled the eastern Damascus suburb of Ain Terma because the rebel-held district was under such fierce regime bombardment.

"I was living with my cousin there. He left his house with his family when a mortar shell came in through their house," she said.

"I decided to come here because I felt it was less dangerous than where I was coming from," she said.

Nearby, soldiers are on patrol.

"We're here to protect civilians and children in the Abbassid region," one said.

"It's a strategic poisition to ensure the security of all of Syria."

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