After two days of talks in the bucolic Japanese mountain resort town Karuizawa, the top diplomats from leading economies unveiled no new sanctions on Moscow over its invasion but pledged to crack down on those helping Russia evade the measures and acquire weapons.
The ministers also put Beijing on notice over its "militarisation activities" in the South China Sea and insisted their Taiwan policy was unchanged despite recent controversial comments from France's president.
Their final statement sparked a furious reaction from China, which said it had been "maliciously slandered and smeared".
While talks were dominated by Ukraine and regional challenges, including a demand that North Korea "refrain" from new nuclear tests or ballistic missile launches, the ministers covered a broad sweep of global policy problems.
They met as fighting continued in Sudan between the army and paramilitaries, forcing the insertion of last-minute language demanding both sides "end hostilities immediately without pre-conditions".
And there was renewed condemnation of the increasing restrictions placed on women and minorities by Taliban authorities in Afghanistan, described by the ministers as "systematic abuses".
They demanded the "immediate reversal" of "unacceptable decisions" including a ban on women working with non-government organisations and the United Nations in the country.
But it was clear that two topics dominated discussions above all -- the war in Ukraine, and China's growing military and economic clout.
The diplomats from Japan, Britain, the United States, Canada, Germany, Italy, France and the European Union promised to continue "intensifying" sanctions on Russia and increase efforts to respond to those offering Moscow arms or other support, warning of "severe costs".
They also slammed Russia's "irresponsible nuclear rhetoric" and called a threat by Moscow to deploy nuclear weapons in Belarus "unacceptable".
"As Ukraine prepares to launch a counteroffensive to take back its land... we stand with Ukraine," US Secretary of State Antony Blinken told reporters.
- Warnings to China -
The statement made clear the ministers were mindful of the furore caused by French President Emmanuel Macron's comments last week, following a trip to Beijing, that Europe should avoid "crises that aren't ours".
"There is no change in the basic positions of the G7 members on Taiwan," it said, calling peace and stability in the Taiwan Strait "indispensable" to global security and prosperity.
"For the first time in G7 history, we were able to confirm, in writing, our commitment to a free and open international order based on the rule of law," Japan's Foreign Minister Yoshimasa Hayashi said.
Blinken said he had never seen "greater convergence" on views about China and Taiwan, and the statement warned Beijing on everything from its nuclear arsenal to its business practices.
And, without directly mentioning China, the group pledged to step up cooperation against "economic coercion" -- the practice of weaponising import or export rules for political purposes.
Even the warning on offering support to Russia in Ukraine may be read as a message for China, echoing repeated statements from Western officials cautioning Beijing against directly arming Moscow.
Chinese foreign ministry spokesman Wang Wenbin said the ministers had "disregarded... objective facts, grossly interfered in China's internal affairs and maliciously slandered and smeared China".
"Between the lines, the relevant statement is full of arrogance, prejudice and sinister intent to oppose and suppress China," Wang told reporters, adding that Beijing had "lodged solemn representations" with host Japan.
The talks set the stage for a G7 leaders' summit next month in Hiroshima, where Japan's Prime Minister Fumio Kishida wants to make nuclear disarmament a key plank of discussions.
Tuesday's statement devotes a long segment to disarmament and non-proliferation but contains little in the way of new commitments and refers to the "harsh security environment", suggesting a difficult path to real achievements.
It calls on all countries to transparently document their nuclear arsenals, urges Russia to stick with a moratorium on nuclear tests and calls for China to hold "risk reduction" talks with Washington.
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